Weapons of Keris in Candi Panataran

Candi Panataran is located near the city of Blitar, and is the largest temple complex in East Java. Its existence covers the period from 1197 to 1454, it is a Javanese Hindu temple complex. During the Majapahit era it was an important temple complex, and was visited many times by King Hayam Wuruk.
The main temple at Panataran dates from 1347, and its base carries reliefs telling the story of the Ramayana. There are many representations of weapons in these reliefs, and swords, spears and daggers similar to those found in the reliefs of Candi Prambanan can be identified.

The photographs below show some of these weapons.



Source: kerisattosanaji.com

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Weapons of Keris in Candi Prambanan

Candi Prambanan is located a few kilometers to the east of the city of Jogjakarta in Central Jawa. It is a very beautiful Hindu temple complex dating from the 10th. century. The complex consists of a central temple of Shiva which faces east, with the temple of Brahma to the south, and the temple of Visnu to the north. All these temples carry narrative reliefs. On the temple of Shiva, and continued on the temple of Brahma is the story of the Ramayana, whilst on the temple of Visnu are to be found reliefs telling the story of Kresna (Kresnayana reliefs).

The photographs below are a selection of the images of weapons to be found in these relief carvings.
 
 




Source: kerisattosanaji.com

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Tangguh in the Javanese system of blade classification

Tangguh
The Javanese system of blade classification
by A.G.Maisey

The word "tangguh" in the Javanese language has a number of meanings, depending upon the
context of usage:

Robson and Wibisono ( Javanese)
1.  dependable; 2. estimate; opinion concerning; 3. characteristics of a keris according to the
period of the maker.

Prawiroatmodjo (Javanese)
1. dependable; 2. considerate; 3. an appropriate time; 4. approximately, about, around; 5.
supposition, estimate; 6. style, form; 7. embryo; 8. type (specific to keris).

From the above it can be seen that the dictionary meaning given to the word "tangguh" places it
squarely as a term relating to the classification of a keris, however, the dictionaries consulted are
not in agreement as to whether "tangguh" refers to classification according to type, or
classification according to period, and dependent upon prior identification of the maker.

In fact, the application of  tangguh to keris, in Java, is not precisely in accord with any of the
dictionary meanings given. Further, even within Java there is no universal acceptance amongst
those with a high degree of keris knowledge, as to exactly what the tangguh of a keris means.

In practice , a keris blade is assigned a particular tangguh after an appraisal of various physical
features of the blade has been carried out.

The indicators considered in this appraisal include, but may not be limited to:
1) Tanting :  percieved weight.
2) Besi : iron
3) Baja:  steel
4) Pamor: the material used to create the contrasting pattern observed  on a keris blade
5)  Pawakan: the form of the body of the keris; the overall visual impression
6) Gonjo: the wider , separate section at the blade base
7) Gandhik:  the swelling at the front of the blade base
8) Blumbangan: the depression at the blade base gripped between thumb and forefinger
9) Sogokan: the fuller or fullers sometimes found in the sorsoran of a keris
10) Ada-Ada: the central ridge
11) Kruwingan: the depressions running on either side of the ada-ada
12) Luk-lukan: the waves
13) Wadidang: the broad curve of the blade into the gonjo

The characteristics of the above features of a blade are assessed and an attempt made to align
these characteristics with the accepted characteristics of the various tangguh classifications.
Complete agreement with one single classification is seldom obtained, except in those cases
where a blade of extremely high quality is concerned. A balanced judgement is made, and an
opinion given, which may place the blade into one of the Javanese classifications. These tangguh
classifications include, but are not limited to:
a. Janggala
b. Pajajaran
c. Majapahit
d. Kahuripan
e. Pengging
f. Sigaluh
g. Tuban
h. Pajang
i. Mataram (several sub-divisions exist)
j. Kartasura
k. Surakarta

It cannot be emphasised too strongly that any tangguh assigned to a blade is an opinion. However,
it should be an opinion that can be defended by arguing the accepted characteristics of the various
indicators against the characteristics of the indicators in the blade to which the tangguh has been
assigned. It is not sufficient for anybody to simply give an opinion on a tangguh without being
able to provide solid reasons for that opinion.

The social roots of the tangguh system suggest that it was never intended that every blade should
be able to be classified within the system, thus to assign a tangguh classification to any blade,
irrespective of the level of quality of the blade, and the strength of the indicators present in the
blade could be considered to be an incorrect application of the system.

Although the opinions of people with an equally high level of keris knowledge can vary, and
although the same person could give a different opinion on two different occasions, this will only
happen where keris of less than excellent quality are involved. Moreover, there will never be any
confusion of a more recent tangguh with a tangguh  associated with an earlier period. For
example, a Surakarta period blade will never be given a tangguh of Pajajaran or Majapahit.

From the point of view of a collector based in the world outside Java, it is perhaps best to use an
assigned tangguh as an indicator of whether a blade can be considered to be old, middle aged, or
recent, but without attaching any specific date to that blade.

Source:  kerisattosanaji.com

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Character Assessment Regarding Kris In Traditional

In the past, every man, especially Javanese nobility and gentry, while performing her daily duties, always dressed in period costume complete with a keris waist. Every gentleman has at least two pieces, one for daily use, while others are for official ceremonies and rites in the palace compound. Of course, the dagger that both have quality and better performance.

In ancient times, a dagger used as a weapon to fight or to fight one on one. At this time, the function of the keris is to complement traditional fashion. However, the dagger still respected, treated well. People traditionally appreciated the keris as a valuable heritage and art of high value goods. Keris rated high quality, if you have an elegant physical appearance and had great spiritual power.

Perfect People

According to Javanese traditional assessment, someone has considered perfect if he already has five programs: Wismo, Wanito, Kukilo, Turonggo and Curigo / Keris. Brief explanation as follows:

    Wismo means house. People who already have enough income and home life certainly established.
    Wanito. People who have been married and had a wife (as well as of course a married woman), that have chosen the right way of life and responsible.
    Kukilo meaning bird. Philosophical explanation is: singing like a bird's melodious strains of music or gamelan. Hearing a soft voice, people feel calm, pleasant, happy. How beautiful, if a father, the patriarch spoke in a soft voice, it's certainly very soothing and fun the whole family.
    Turonggo means horse. Horses are a practical tool trransportasi past. He can pull buggy or can be used for traveling ditunganggi. In this case, the person should have the vehicle life (having a way of life) that can be well controlled so that his establishment.
    Curigo or Kris. Kris's sharp edges. It symbolizes sharpness of thought. It is very important that people have a sharp mind with a broad insight. It is the order of the days before. Now, some have claimed that the first sequence is kris reasons: a brilliant brain, intelligentsia are most important.

Kris & Theory Origins Supporters
Keris was originally a feature of the ritual (wasi-wasi prakara), which became part of the ceremonial dagger to the goddess of fertility goddess Sima. At that time, the keris is visualization conception phallus and yoni. Along with the development of culture in the archipelago, the existence and role of the dagger had been developed, where it started as a ritual dagger completeness extended to functions of more complex, some dagger into diluhurkan and exalted. Keris become a means of social status markers, dagger politics play a role also in the way the royal government at that time, the keris as a glorified sacred objects, as a means of religious, weapons of war, a marker of the number of years, and other precious objects.

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What exactly do you expect from a keris?

What is really expected of an heirloom? kris, cundrik, spears, swords, stones mustika, etc.
There is such piweling or sayings of the wise old men past (ancestors), that the keris or aji tosan other was alive with meaning capable menghidupi.dengan way like where? for the master and even artisan panjak bellows (pumping station) can be a source of livelihood, with attractive cost of services pembuatan. for craftsmen sheath, pendhok, mendhak, deder / engraving, can also be a source of income.
From the bit of the description above, we can conclude that little kris can not make us rich, it certainly can not be unless we threaten someone with a kris in order to direct the person is willing to give up some money. It's called robbing! obviously it is an act that is not commendable and very risky because the action could even be arrested police! There is also a dagger that he processed??? Kris can multiply the money! I think this is just a trick the fraudster! used most packaged magic tricks to make it look magical supernatural. If there is news that the more popular and powerful in the eyes of the impressed looks, if you believe you will be deluded because you've exposed yourself suggestions.
In changing times, the keris is also capable of being a source of income.examples of the keris seller isoteri (eg shaman / Paranormal) and eksoteri, and also mentioned in the preceding paragraph wise at all if we do not expect more on the power of the kris. Because the keris will become a powerful dagger that depends on who is, in your hand would be another such miracle than when dagger held by the king. Even when the owner pushed heritage though, Kris is not able to do much (removing the magical awesomeness). Once again the most played da magic is what creates the kris-makers or people who hold them.
I think Kris is a book or teaching a valuable teachings of the ancestors a glorious life, to be learned, perceived and practiced, then we'll be able to reap the results. Heirlooms containing properties as if the mind is actually the owner who made kris be such, so as to form a certain prestige strokes that contain symbols that have meaning. Heirlooms created as a symbol for that imbued the owner's goals and objectives can be realized, but it certainly should be applicable to both real and spiritual effort by the owners of these treasures. Efficacy or greatness keris is not everything, that we're looking for the actual efficacy and greatness of our own.

  source: pusakaleluhur.blogspot.com

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Keris and Javanese People

As the Javanese spiritual culture certainly still felt strong, even though the modern era, but the perspective and mindset believes it is not hereditary mystical easily lost or removed. It is not a secret anymore. Amongst the Javanese spiritual faiths or better known as the Javanese spiritual culture is certainly not free from the legacy of his ancestors keris. People can not be called Javanese Javanese kris otherwise have. (wong jowo ilang jawane).
Of course, the Javanese kris spiritually believed to have magical powers and functions, respectively, as a master craftsman created / made ​​dagger with a certain prestige is believed to have the power functions according to the prestige of the characters contained in the kris.
One example: Kris raise the degree of course the owner of the keris is expected elevated degree and rank, hockey and easily search for fortune.
Believe it do not believe it is already evident from generation to generation, so many myths and legends associated with kris related.
For the Javanese keris respected and upheld, both in terms of maintenance, cleaning / jamasan, etc.. Since Kris is seen to have a certain prestige power with care and respect it can nurture and bring the blessing of God's blessings.
Kris tradition in general use in the modern age only on certain events such as marriage / wedding. But any ritual Javanese tradition certainly did not escape with a keris.
Javanese dagger and can not be released, it's a form of preserving ancestral culture that still maintained until now. Keris is a Javanese self-esteem either publicly viewable or spiritually.

 source: pusakaleluhur.blogspot.com

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